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夫妻忠诚协议应当具有法律效力/独钓寒江雪

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夫妻忠诚协议应当具有法律效力

独钓寒江雪


【要点提示】 原告与被告在婚姻存续期间签订夫妻忠诚协议,约定如一方道德品质出现问题,向对方提出离婚,须赔偿对方精神损失费和青春损失费30万元。该忠诚协议应当受法律保护,但协议约定的青春损失费因违反公序良俗而不应得到法律支持。



【案情】

原告(反诉被告):王某。

被告(反诉原告):赵某。

1999年4月,王某、赵某经人介绍相识.同年8月11曰在某市民政局办理结婚登记手续。2001年4月30日.生育一子,取名王奇(化名)。双方婚前感情较好,婚后感情一般。2001年1月1日,王某与赵某签订协议书一份,协议约定:夫妻之间应相互尊重,相互帮助,爱护对方,彼此忠诚对待。如一方道德品质出现问题.向对方提出离婚.必须赔偿对方精神损失费和青春损失费共计人民币30万元。2004年秋,双方因家务琐事生气,王某离家在外租房居住,分居至今。分居期间,赵某发现王某与一女子有婚外情,并提供了照片和录音资料等证据予以证实。

2005年3月21日。王某曾提起诉讼,要求与赵某离婚。某市人民法院于2005年4月21日作出(2005)新民初字第490号民事判决:不准原告王某与被告赵某离婚。2005年12月20曰,原告王某再次提起离婚诉讼,在诉讼过程中,赵某提起反诉.要求王某赔偿精神损失费15万元。后王某提出撤诉申请,某市人民法院准予王某撤诉,并以双方婚姻关系未解除,在双方婚姻关系存续期间,赵某提起损害赔偿请求,依法应当驳回赵某的反诉为由.于2006年4月24日作出(2006)新民初字第180号民事裁定:一、准许原告(反诉被告)王某撤诉。二、驳回被告(反诉原告)赵某的反诉。

2007年,王某再次提起离婚诉讼.要求:1.解除与被告赵某的婚姻关系:2.婚生子王奇由原告抚养;3.依法分割夫妻共同财产。

针对王某的诉讼请求,赵某提起如下反诉要求:1.判决与王某离婚;2.婚生子王奇由我抚养,王某承担抚养费;3.依法分割共同财产:4.王某依约支付违反忠诚协议的违约金(即双方约定的精神损失费)15万元。

【审判】

某市人民法院经审理认为,王某、赵某双方婚前基础较好,婚后感情一般。后因家庭琐事生气,双方自2004年分居至今.经本院判决不准离婚后,双方仍没有和好,导致夫妻感情破裂,且双方均要求离婚,应准予双方离婚为宜。婚生子王奇长期随赵某生活,从有利于王奇健康成长考虑,由赵某抚养为宜。王某当庭陈述其月工资为1400元,赵某对此未能提供反证,故对王某的陈述予以采信,王某应每月按其月工资的25%支付抚养费,即350元。双方婚前财产各归各有;双方争执的位于某市金华街二巷15号独家小院.因未经有关部门确权,本案不予一并处理。对其他双方没有异议的婚后共同财产依法予以分割。王某的住房公积金、基本养老保险金总额为13734.61元.赵某的住房公积金为2080.84元,根据有关法律规定,双方在婚姻关系存续期间应当取得的住房公积金、基本养老保险金属于夫妻共同所有的财产,应当依法予以分割。故王某应当给付赵某他应得的住房公积金、基本养老保险金中的5826.87元。王某在与赵某婚姻关系存续期间与他人同居,使赵某在精神上遭受本不需要其承担的烦恼和伤害,赵某作为无过错方。有权请求损害赔偿。结合本案实际情况及本地经济发展水平,精神损害费酌定为3万元。根据婚姻法第三十二条、第三十七条、第三十九条,最高人民法院《关于适用若干问题的解(二)》第11条之规定,判决:一、准予原告王某与被告赵某离婚。二、婚生子王奇由被告赵某抚养,原告王某应于本判决生效后每月负担王奇的抚养费350元,于每年的12月30日前向赵某支付当年的抚养费4200元;待王奇成长至能独立生活时,随父随母生活由其自愿选择。三、原、被告婚前财产各归己所有;婚后共同财产依据原、被告需求进行相应分割。四、反诉被告王某应当于本判决生效后30日内支付反诉原告赵某精神损害费3万元。五、反诉被告王某应当于本判决生效后30日内支付反诉原告赵某他应得的住房公积金、基本养老保险金中的5826.87元。六、驳回原告王某、反诉原告赵某的其他诉讼请求。

宣判后,赵某不服一审判决,向郑州市中级人民法院提起上诉。某市中级人民法院经审理认为:原判决认定事实不清,程序有误,裁定撤销一审判决,发回某市人民法院重审。

重审期间,反诉原告赵某变更原审第三项诉讼请求为:王某依约支付我精神损失费30万元。王某辩称,同意离婚,孩子归我抚养,双方承担抚养费,分家协议和忠诚协议不合法,不应支持。

某市人民法院经重审认为,一审认定事实清楚,财产分割正确,忠诚协议系原、被告双方婚姻关系存续期间为了实现相互尊重,相互帮助,爱护对方,彼此忠诚对待的目的才签订的,该协议书系双方真实意思的表示,且不违反法律规定,应当认定有效。双方分居期间王某与其他女人产生婚外情.导致夫妻感情破裂,使赵某遭受精神伤害.王某违反协议约定。亦违反夫妻应当互相忠实的法律规定,应当按照协议的约定对无过错方赵某予以赔偿。但赵某主张青春损先费不符合法律规定,本院不予支持。结合本案的实际情况以及王某收入状况和本地的生活水,精神损失酌情认定15万元。综上所述。依照民事诉讼法第六十四条第一款,婚姻法第四条、第三十二条、第三十六条、第三十七条、第三十九条。最高人民法院《关于适用若干问题的解释(二)》第11条之规定,判决:王某应当赔偿赵某精神损失15万元,于本判决生效后10日内结清;其他基本与一审判决内容一致。

宣判后。双方当事人均未提起上诉,一审判决已发生法律效力。

【评析】

一、夫妻忠诚协议合法有效

所谓夫妻忠诚协议,是指男女双方在结婚之时或者结婚以后签订协议,约定一旦一方有婚外通奸行为等违反婚姻法第四条规定的忠实义务时,双方中任何一方如果提出离婚,在离婚之时,遵守忠实义务一方的配偶有权依据双方约定的忠实协议要求违反忠实义务一方支付违约金或精神损害赔偿款的协议。关于夫妻忠诚协议是否有效,目前理论界和实务界有以下两种针锋相对的观点:

第一种观点认为,夫妻忠实义务是婚姻关系最本质的要求,婚姻关系稳定与否,很大程度上有赖于此。忠诚协议实质上正是对婚姻法中抽象的夫妻忠实义务的具体化,完全符合婚姻法的原则和精神,协议内容未违反法律的禁止性规定,也未损害他人利益,因而当然有效,应受法律保护。

第二种观点认为,夫妻忠诚协议无效。理由是:第一,婚姻法第四条规定的夫妻之间的忠实义务是道德义务而不是法律义务;第二,夫妻忠诚协议损害公民的基本人身自由;第三,忠诚协议内容违法;第四.夫妻忠诚协议违反损害填补原则。

笔者同意第一种意见,即夫妻忠诚协议有效,应当受法律保护。理由如下:

(一)夫妻忠诚协议符合民法通则中民事法律行为生效要件的规定。

按照法律适用的原则,夫妻忠诚协议案件属于婚姻纠纷案件,应当首先考虑适用婚姻法,然而婚姻法中并没有关于夫妻忠诚协议效力的规定。另外,合同法第二条明确规定:“本法所称合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。婚姻、收养、监护等有关身份关系的协议,适用其他法律的规定。”故夫妻忠诚协议也不受合同法调整。那么,夫妻忠诚协议案件究竟应当如何适用法律?笔者认为,夫妻忠诚协议本质上是一种民事法律行为,可以适用民法通则第四章第一节关于民事法律行为制度的规定。民事法律行为是公民或法人设立、变更、终止民事权利和民事义务的合法行为,意思表示是民事法律行为的核心要素。相对于民法通则第四章第一节关于民事法律行为的一般规定而言,婚姻行为和合同行为是具体的、典型的民事法律行为,其在婚姻法和合同法中有具体的、详细的规定,在适用法律时应当遵循特别法优于一般法的规则.首先适用婚姻法或合同法的有关规定,只有当适用特别法无法解决问题时,才能适用民法总则中关于民事法律行为的规定。由于本案中的忠诚协议在民事特别法中没有相应的规定,只能适用民法通则中关于民事法律行为的一般规定。民法通则第五十五条规定.民事法律行为应当具备以下三个要件方产生法律效力:行为人具有相应的民事行为能力;意思表示真实:不违反法律或者社会公共利益。本案中,王某和赵某均具备完全民事行为能力,鉴订夫妻忠诚协议为双方真实意思表示,不存在欺诈、胁迫等情形,且夫妻忠诚协议内容不违反法律强制性规定,也不违反社会公序良俗,并且约定的赔偿数额具有可操作性,因此本案中的夫妻忠诚协议应当有效。
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沈阳市人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《沈阳市价格检查条例》的决定(已废止)

辽宁省人大常委会


沈阳市人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《沈阳市价格检查条例》的决定
辽宁省人大常委会


(1997年3月28日辽宁省沈阳市第十一届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议通过 1997年5月30日辽宁省第八届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议批准 1997年8月1日起施行)

决定
沈阳市第十一届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议审议了《沈阳市价格检查条例修正案(草案)》,决定对《沈阳市价格检查条例》作如下修改:
一、第六条修改为:“下列行为属于有非法所得的价格违法行为:
“(一)超过国家定价(含出厂价格、供应价格、批发价格、零售价格)销售商品或违反规定将计划内商品转为计划外商品高价销售的;
“(二)突破国家指导价(含浮动幅度、差价率和最高限价)销售商品的;
“(三)低于国家规定的等级价格(含最低保护价)收购商品的;
“(四)不执行商品和收费提价申报制度的;
“(五)未按规定办理收费许可证或超过规定范围、标准收取费用的;
“(六)将行政职能转为有偿服务的;
“(七)利用行业垄断地位强行收费或变相收费、推销商品的;
“(八)自立名目乱收费或未提供服务收取费用的;
“(九)采取以次充好、短尺少秤、降低质量、价外附加条件等手段变相提高商品价格或收费标准的;
“(十)违反规定调价日期,提前提价或推迟降价的;
“(十一)其他违反价格法规、政策的行为”。
二、删去第八条第(三)项。第八条“(四)、(五)、(六)”项分别修改为:“(三)、(四)、(五)”项,第(三)项修改为:“(三)经营单位不按规定的范围和对象销售有价格补贴商品的”。
三、第十一条修改为:“物价检查机构对应当受理的价格违法案件均应根据检查或举报材料及时予以立案,并指定二名以上人员办案”。
四、第十三条修改为:“重大案件的定案处理应经集体讨论。按照案件处理审批权限作出行政处罚决定或提出处理意见,上报审批后,正式下达行政处罚决定书”。
五、第十四条修改为:“行政处罚决定书应当在宣告后,当场交付被处罚单位或个人,由受送达人在送达回证上签名或盖章。被处罚单位或个人拒收行政处罚决定书的,送达人应邀请有关人员到场作证,由送达人、见证人在送达回证上写明情况并签字或盖章,将行政处罚决定书留在受
送达人的办公场所或住所即视为送达”。
六、第十六条修改为:“物价检查机构对价格违法行为,可以根据其情节轻重和危害后果给予下列处罚:
“(一)警告;
“(二)不能退还的非法所得由物价检查机构予以没收;
“(三)罚款;
“(四)暂扣或吊销收费许可证”。
七、第十八条第(二)项修改为:“属于一般价格违法案件,对违法单位或个人处以非法所得金额三倍以下的罚款;属于重大价格违法案件,经上级物价检查机构批准,对违法单位或个人可处以非法所得金额三倍以上(含本数)五倍以下的罚款”。
八、第十九条第(三)项修改为:“(三)抬级抬价购买国家控制价格的农副产品或工业产品的,按其抬价金额处以三倍以下的罚款;情节特别严重的,经上级物价检查机构批准,可处以抬价金额三倍以上(含本数)五倍以下的罚款,并建议有关部门对直接责任人和直接主管责任人给
予行政处分”。
第(四)项修改为:“(四)不按规定执行明码标价的,依照国家《关于商品和服务实行明码标价的规定》及其实施细则予以处罚”。
删去第(六)项。
九、第二十四条修改为:“物价检查人员检查市场物价时,必须二人以上,并出示检查证件。价格违法事实清楚,证据确凿,对单位给予一千元以下,对个人给予五十元以下罚款处罚的,执法人员可以当场作出处罚决定,并在事后二日内向其所属的物价检查机构备案”。
十、第二十五条修改为:“物价检查机构查处价格违法案件时,被检查单位必须积极配合,及时提供有关情况和资料。在证据可能灭失或以后难于取得的情况下,可以先行登记保存,并在七日内作出处理决定。在此期间,检查单位、被检查单位或任何个人均不得销毁或转移证据”。
十一、第三十一条修改为:“价格违法单位或个人接到处罚决定后,必须在十五日以内缴纳罚没款。逾期未缴纳罚没款的,按有关法律、法规规定执行”。
本决定自1997年8月1日起施行。



1997年5月30日

江西省行政机关实施行政许可听证办法

江西省人民政府


江西省行政机关实施行政许可听证办法(附:英文译本)

文号:江西省人民政府令第156号
《江西省行政机关实施行政许可听证办法》已经2007年4月23日省人民政府第58次常务会议审议通过,现予公布,自2007年7月1日起施行。
  
   省长吴新雄
  
   二○○七年四月二十九日

  
   江西省行政机关实施行政许可听证办法
  
  
  第一条 为规范行政机关实施行政许可的听证活动,保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益,维护公共利益和社会秩序,保障和监督行政机关有效实施行政许可,根据《中华人民共和国行政许可法》,结合本省实际,制定本办法。
  
  第二条 本省行政区域内各级行政机关实施行政许可听证(以下简称听证),适用本办法。
  
  法律、法规授权实施行政许可的具有管理公共事务职能的组织,适用本办法有关行政机关的规定。
  
  第三条 行政机关实施下列行政许可事项,应当组织听证:
  
  (一)法律、法规、规章规定实施行政许可应当听证的事项;
  
  (二)行政机关认为需要听证的涉及公共利益的重大行政许可事项;
  
  (三)被依法告知听证权利的行政许可申请人、利害关系人在法定期限内提出听证申请的事项。
  
  第四条 听证应当遵循合法、公开、公平、公正、高效和便民的原则。
  
  除涉及国家秘密、商业秘密或者个人隐私的外,听证会一律公开举行,并允许公民、法人和其他组织旁听,接受社会监督。
  
  第五条 听证由有权作出行政许可决定的行政机关组织;依法接受委托实施行政许可的行政机关应当以委托行政机关的名义组织听证。
  
  依法应当经两个或者两个以上行政机关分别实施的行政许可事项须听证的,应当分别组织听证,或者联合组织听证。
  
  依法应当先经下级行政机关审查后,报上级行政机关决定的行政许可事项须听证的,由最终作出行政许可决定的行政机关组织听证;但该行政许可事项依法应当报国务院或者国务院部门作出行政许可决定的,按国家有关规定执行。
  
  第六条 听证人包括:听证主持人、听证员、记录员。
  
  听证主持人和听证员由行政机关负责人指定;记录员由听证主持人指定。
  
  第七条 听证主持人应当符合下列条件:
  
  (一)是审查该行政许可申请的工作人员以外的人员;
  
  (二)熟悉听证程序以及与该行政许可事项有关的法律、法规、规章的规定;
  
  (三)具有一定的组织能力;
  
  (四)法律、法规、规章规定的其他条件。
  
  第八条 听证主持人履行下列职责:
  
  (一)组织制定听证方案;
  
  (二)确定听证会的时间、地点;
  
  (三)组织听证会的进行;
  
  (四)接收有关证据;
  
  (五)维持听证会秩序;
  
  (六)组织提出听证报告书;
  
  (七)法律、法规、规章和本办法规定的其他职责。
  
  听证员负责协助听证主持人履行前款规定的职责。
  
  第九条 听证参加人包括:行政机关审查该行政许可申请的工作人员、行政许可申请人、利害关系人,以及本办法第十一条规定的委托代理人、鉴定人、证人。
  
  第十条 行政机关对本办法第三条第(一)、(二)项规定的行政许可事项,应当在作出行政许可决定前,以公告的形式向社会告知听证的事项、拟作出行政许可决定的主要内容,以及报名参加听证的办法等,公告的时间不得少于15日。
  
  行政机关对本办法第三条第(三)项规定的行政许可事项,应当在作出行政许可决定前,书面告知行政许可申请人、利害关系人享有要求听证的权利;行政许可申请人、利害关系人在被告知听证权利之日起5日内提出听证申请的,行政机关应当在20日内组织听证。
  
  第十一条 报名或者申请参加听证会的利害关系人较多时,组织听证的行政机关可以要求利害关系人在规定时间内自行推选代表人参加听证,并提交载明代表人基本情况的书面材料,由听证主持人审核确认;逾期未推选的,由组织听证的行政机关按照报名、申请的顺序或者采取抽签等公平、公开的方式确定代表人作为听证参加人,并予以公布。
  
  前款代表人的人数,由组织听证的行政机关根据听证事项的具体情况,按照不同主张的人员人数基本相同的原则确定,并予以公布。
  
  代表人参加听证的行为对其所代表的当事人发生效力,但代表人变更或者放弃听证主张的,应当经被代表的当事人同意。
  
  第十二条 行政许可申请人、利害关系人可以委托1至2名代理人参加听证;委托代理人参加听证的,应当向组织听证的行政机关提交载明委托事项及权限,并由委托人签名或者盖章的授权委托书,由听证主持人审核确认。委托代理人代为变更或者放弃听证主张,或者代为放弃陈述权、申辩权、质证权的,应当有委托人的明确授权。
  
  审查该行政许可申请的工作人员、行政许可申请人、利害关系人认为有关问题需要鉴定,或者有证人证明其听证主张的,可以请鉴定人或者证人参加听证,并向组织听证的行政机关提交有关的证明材料,由听证主持人审核确认。
  
  第十三条 听证主持人有下列情形之一的,应当自行回避;行政许可申请人、利害关系人有权以口头或者书面形式申请其回避:
  
  (一)是该行政许可申请的审查人员;
  
  (二)与该行政许可申请人、利害关系人或者他们的委托代理人是近亲属的;
  
  (三)与听证的行政许可事项有直接利害关系的;
  
  (四)与该行政许可申请人、利害关系人有其他关系,可能影响听证的公正性的。
  
  前款规定,适用于听证员、记录员、鉴定人。
  
  听证主持人的回避,由行政机关负责人决定;听证员、记录员、鉴定人的回避,由听证主持人决定。
  
  第十四条 组织听证的行政机关应当在听证会举行的7日前,向听证参加人送达《行政许可听证通知书》,必要时予以公告。
  
  《行政许可听证通知书》应当载明下列事项:
  
  (一)听证的行政许可事项;
  
  (二)拟作出行政许可决定的主要内容;
  
  (三)举行听证会的时间、地点;
  
  (四)听证主持人的姓名、职务;
  
  (五)其他应当载明的事项。
  
  第十五条 听证会按照下列程序进行:
  
  (一)听证主持人宣布听证会开始,介绍听证参加人和听证的行政许可事项,核对行政许可申请人、利害关系人的身份;
  
  (二)听证员宣读听证会纪律;
  
  (三)审查该行政许可申请的工作人员陈述审查意见及所依据的事实、理由和适用的法律、法规、规章,出示证据;
  
  (四)行政许可申请人、利害关系人按照听证主持人安排的顺序,陈述主张及相关事实、理由和法律、法规、规章依据,出示证据;
  
  (五)进行申辩和质证,需请鉴定人出示鉴定意见或者证人作证的,须经听证主持人允许;
  
  (六)申辩和质证终结,审查该行政许可申请的工作人员、行政许可申请人、利害关系人按照听证主持人安排的顺序,作最后陈述;
  
  (七)听证主持人宣布听证会结束。
  
  听证主持人应当中立、客观、全面地听取听证参加人的陈述。
  
  听证会举行的当日不能完成本条第一款规定程序的,听证主持人应当宣布择期继续举行听证会。
  
  第十六条 在听证会进行过程中,听证主持人可以询问听证参加人;经听证主持人允许,审查该行政许可申请的工作人员、行政许可申请人、利害关系人可以相互发问,也可以向鉴定人、证人发问。
  
  第十七条 听证应当制作听证笔录。听证笔录应当载明下列内容:
  
  (一)听证的行政许可事项;
  
  (二)听证主持人、听证员和记录员的姓名、职务;
  
  (三)听证参加人的姓名、地址等基本情况和出席听证会的情况;
  
  (四)听证会举行的时间、地点;
  
  (五)听证会是否公开举行,不公开举行的理由;
  
  (六)审查该行政许可申请的工作人员、行政许可申请人、利害关系人的陈述及提出的事实、理由、依据、证据;
  
  (七)鉴定人的鉴定结论和证人证言;
  
  (八)申辩和质证情况;
  
  (九)听证主持人在听证会进行过程中对有关事项的处理情况;
  
  (十)听证主持人认为应当记录的其他事项。
  
  审查该行政许可申请的工作人员、行政许可申请人、利害关系人在听证时提出的经过质证的证据材料,应当作为听证笔录的附件。
  
  第十八条 听证笔录应当由听证参加人签名或者盖章;听证参加人拒绝签名或者盖章的,应当记录在卷。
  
  听证参加人认为听证笔录对自己的陈述记录有遗漏或者差错的,有权向听证主持人申请补正;不予补正的,应当将申请记录在卷。
  
  第十九条 听证会结束后,听证主持人应当会同听证员、记录员在5日内,根据听证笔录制作听证报告书,连同听证笔录报送本行政机关负责人。
  
  行政机关对依法举行了听证会的行政许可事项,应当根据听证笔录作出行政许可决定。
  
  第二十条 有下列情形之一的,可以延期举行听证:
  
  (一)因不可抗力导致听证会无法按期举行的;
  
  (二)行政许可申请人、利害关系人申请延期,有正当理由的;
  
  (三)依法可以延期的其他情形。
  
  延期举行听证会的,组织听证的行政机关应当通知听证参加人;延期的情形消失后,组织听证的行政机关应当在3日内举行听证会,并书面通知听证参加人。
  
  第二十一条 有下列情形之一,可以中止听证:
  
  (一)听证会进行过程中提出新的事实、理由和证据,听证主持人认为有待调查核实的;
  
  (二)回避申请在听证会开始后提出的;
  
  (三)依法可以中止听证的其他情形。
  
  中止听证的情形消失后,组织听证的行政机关应当在3日内恢复举行听证,并通知听证参加人。
  
  第二十二条 有下列情形之一的,可以终止听证:
  
  (一)行政许可申请人、利害关系人撤回申请的;
  
  (二)行政许可申请人、利害关系人无正当理由不参加听证会,或者未经听证主持人允许中途退场的;
  
  (三)依法应当终止听证程序的其他情形。
  
  第二十三条 行政许可申请人、利害关系人对本办法第三条第(三)项规定的行政许可事项,在规定时间内均未提出听证申请的,视为放弃听证要求,行政机关应当作书面记载,并可以在对行政许可申请进行全面、客观、公正审查的基础上,依法作出行政许可决定。
  
  第二十四条 行政机关及其工作人员违反《中华人民共和国行政许可法》和本办法的规定,有下列情形之一的,由其上级行政机关或者监察机关责令改正;情节严重的,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分:
  
  (一)未向行政许可申请人、利害关系人履行法定告知听证权利的义务的;
  
  (二)依法应当举行听证而未举行听证的;
  
  (三)不履行或者不正确履行听证职责的;
  
  (四)未依据听证笔录作出行政许可决定的。
  
  第二十五条 行政许可申请人、利害关系人或者其他人员扰乱听证会秩序或者有其他妨碍听证会正常进行行为的,听证主持人有权予以制止或者责令其退场;情节严重的,由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
  
  第二十六条 行政许可申请人、利害关系人不承担行政机关组织听证的费用。听证所需经费应当列入本行政机关的预算,由本级财政予以保障。
  
  第二十七条 本办法规定的期限以工作日计算,不含法定节假日。
  
  行政机关组织听证的时间,不计算在实施该行政许可事项的法定期限内;其实施行政许可的期限,自听证程序结束、终止的次日起接续计算。
  
  第二十八条 本办法自2007年7月1日起施行。


  英文译本

Measures of Jiangxi Province for Public Hearings of the Implementation of Administrative License by the Administrative Organ


These Measures of Jiangxi Province for Public Hearings of the Implementation of Administrative License by the Administrative Organ, adopted at the 58th session of the executive meeting of the People’s Government of Jiangxi Province on April 23, 2007, are hereby promulgated and shall come into effect as of July 1, 2007.


Governor: Wu Xinxiong

April 29, 2007


  Article 1 In order to regulate the hearing procedures of implementation of Administrative License by the Administrative Organ, protect the legal rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, safeguard the public interests and social order, and ensure and supervise the effective implementation of administrative license, these measures are formulated in accordance with the specific circumstances of the province and the Administrative License Law of the People's Republic of China.

  Article 2 These measures shall apply to the public hearing of implementation of Administrative License by the administrative organs at all levels within the administrative areas of the province (hereinafter referred to as “hearing”).

The provisions concerning the administrative organ in these measures shall be applicable to the organization with a function of implementing Administrative License or managing public affairs under the authorization of a law or regulation.

  Article 3 A hearing should be organized upon implementation of the following administrative license matters by the administrative organs:

  (1) A hearing as provided for the implementation of administrative license in any law, regulation or rule;

  (2) Any licensing matters considered by the administrative organ to be of great importance to the public interests;

  (3) Licensing matters applied within the statutory time limit by the applicants and the interested parties of administrative license who have been informed the legal right to a hearing in accordance with law;

  Article 4 The hearing shall observe the principles of legality, openness, fairness and impartiality, high efficiency and convenience.

  The hearing shall be held in public except that it involves state secrets, business secrets and individual privacy. Citizens, legal persons and other organizations shall have the access to observing and supervising the hearing proceedings.

  Article 5 The hearing should be organized by the administrative organs which are entitled to make administrative license decisions. The administrative organs which are legally entrusted with the implementation of the administrative license should organize the hearing in the name of the entrusting administrative organ.

  If an administrative licensing matter to be implemented respectively by two or more administrative organs needs hearing, it should be organized separately or jointly.

  In accordance with law, where an administrative license should be subject to the examination of the lower administrative organ before it is reported and submitted to the upper administrative organ for decision, the hearing should be organized by the administrative organ that makes the final administrative decision. But when an administrative license should be reported to the State Council or the departments under the State Council for administrative license decisions, the relevant state regulations prevail.

  Article 6 The hearing staff includes the chairperson of the hearing, the hearing officers and the notetaker.

  The chairperson of the hearings and the hearing officers shall be decided by the director of the administrative organ. The clerk shall be decided by the chairperson of the hearing.

  Article 7 The chairperson of the hearings should meet the following requirements:

  (1) Those who are not responsible for the examination of an application for administrative license;

  (2) Those who are familiar with the hearing procedures of the administrative license and related laws, regulations and rules;

  (3) Those with a certain organizing ability;

  (4) Those who meet the other requirements stipulated in the laws, regulations and rules.

  Article 8 The chairperson of the hearing shall perform the following functions during the hearing:

  (1) Make the plan of the hearing;

  (2) Decide the time and place of the hearings;

  (3) Organize the hearings;

  (4) Receive relevant evidence;

  (5) Maintain the proper order of the hearings;

  (6) Prepare and work out the hearing report;

  (7) Fulfill other duties as provided in any law, regulation, rule and these measures.

  The hearing officers shall assist the chairperson of the hearings in performing the functions and duties stipulated above.

  Article 9 The participants of the hearing include the persons who are responsible for the examination of an application for administrative  license, the applicants of administrative license, the interested parties,the entrusted agents, the identifiers and the witnesses as provided in Article 12 of these measures.

  Article 10 For the administrative license matters listed in Items 1and 2 of Article 3,the administrative organ shall announce to the public the information about the matters under administrative license of the hearing, the main content of administrative license decisions and the way to participate in the hearing before making the administrative decision. The duration of the announcement shall not be less than 15 days.

  For the administrative license matters listed in Item 3 of Article 3,the administrative organ shall inform the applicant of the administrative license or the interested party of the right to request for a hearing by means of written notice. Where the applicant or interested party applies for a hearing within 5 days from the day when he or she is informed of such right, the administrative organ shall organize a hearing within 20 days.

  Article 11 When there are lots of interested parties applying to participate in the hearing, the administrative organ which organizes the hearing can ask the interested parties to select their own representatives to participate in the hearing in a specified time and submit written materials which contain basic information of the representatives for the chairperson to examine. If no representatives are selected within the time limit, the administrative organ that organizes the hearing should select the representatives according to the application order or by means of drawing straws or in other fair and open ways.

  The number of representatives should be decided by the administrative organ that organizes the hearing according to the specific circumstances of the hearing and according to the basic principle that the numbers of people with different opinions are equally represented, and the number of the representatives should be announced.

  The acts of such representatives in the hearing shall be valid for the party they represent; however, modification or waiver of the hearing claims by the representatives shall be subject to the consent of the party they represent.

  Article 12 The applicants of the administrative license and the interested parties may entrust one or two agents to participate in the hearing. Where the entrusted agents participate in the hearing, a Power of Attorney containing the explicit description of the entrusted matters and the limits of authority and bearing the signature or seal of the entrusting party shall be submitted to the chairperson of the hearing for examining. Modification or waiver of the hearing claims or the disclamation of the rights to make statements, defend and conduct cross-examinations shall be subject to the authorization of the entrusting party.

  If the persons who are responsible for the examination of an application for administrative license, the applicants and the interested parties consider it is necessary to identify relevant matters,or there are witnesses to prove their hearing claims, identifiers and witnesses could be invited to participate in the hearing. Relevant supporting materials shall be submitted to the administrative organ for the chairperson of the hearing to examine.

  Article 13 Under any of the following circumstances, a chairperson of the hearing shall voluntarily withdraw from holding a hearing, while the applicants or any interested parties are entitled to require the withdrawal of such a person from the hearing in oral or written form.

  (1) He or she is one of the examining personnel of the case;

  (2) He or she is the close relative of an applicant of the administrative license, an interested party, or the entrusted agent of the case;

  (3) He or she is one of the personnel who have direct interests with the administrative licensing matter;

  (4) He or she has some other relationship with the applicant or the interested party of the case,which may affect the impartial hearing of the case.

  The provisions of the preceding paragraph are applicable to the hearing officers, the notetakers, and the identifiers.

  The withdrawal of the chairperson from the hearing shall be decided by the director of the administrative organ. The withdrawal of the notetaker and the identifiers shall be decided by the chairperson of the hearing.

  Article 14 The administrative organ shall send the "administrative license hearing notice" to the participants of the hearing 7 days before it is held, and shall announce it to the public if necessary;

"Administrative license hearing notice" should include:

  (1) The matters under administrative license of the hearing;

  (2) The main content of administrative license decisions;

  (3) The time and place of the hearing to be held;

  (4) The name and title of the chairperson of the hearing;

  (5) Other matters that should be made clear.

  Article 15 The public hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the following procedure:

  (1) The chairperson of the hearing should announce the commencement of the hearing, introduce the participants of the hearing and the Administrative License matters and check the identities of the participants of administrative license and the interested parties.

  (2) The hearing officer reads the hearing disciplines;

  (3) The persons who are responsible for the examination of an application for administrative license shall provide proofs, reasons and laws, regulations and rules for the examination opinions and present evidence;

  (4) The applicants and the interested parties shall make their statements and provide related proofs, reasons and laws, regulations and rules and present evidence with the order arranged by the chairperson of the hearing;

  (5) Where it is necessary for the identifier to read out the conclusion of verification in the course of defense and cross-examination, or for the witness to testify, the chairperson of the hearing should give permission first;

  (6) After the defense and cross-examination, the persons who are responsible for the examination of an application for administrative license, the applicants and the interested parties should make their final statements with the order arranged by the chairperson of the hearing;

  (7) The chairperson of the hearing announces the closure of the hearing.

  The chairperson of the hearing should be neutral, objective and impartial in hearing the statements of the participants of the hearing.

  If the procedures mentioned in the first paragraph of this article can’t be completed, the chairperson of the hearing should declare that the hearing will continue later.

  Article 16 During the hearing, the chairperson of the hearing can question the participants of the hearing; with the permission given by the chairperson of the hearing, the persons who are responsible for the examination of an application for administrative license, the applicants and the parties can question each other and can also question the identifiers or witnesses.

  Article 17 The activities of hearing shall be recorded in the transcripts of the hearing. The transcripts of the hearing shall explicitly record the following matters:

  (1) The matters under administrative license of the hearing;

  (2) The names and titles of the chairperson of the hearing, hearing officers,and the notetaker;

  (3) The names, addresses and attendance of the participants of hearing;

  (4) The time and place of the hearing held;

  (5) Whether the hearing is held openly.If it is not,the reasons should be provided;

  (6) The statements, facts, reasons, basis and evidence provided by the persons who are responsible for the examination of an application for administrative license, the applicants of the administrative license and the interested parties;

  (7) The conclusion of verification of the identifier and the testimony of the witness;

  (8) Defense and cross-examinations;

  (9) The treatment of related matters by the chairperson of the hearing in the course of the hearing;

  (10) Any other matters that the chairperson considers to be important.

  The evidence materials of cross-examinations provided by the persons who are responsible for the examination of an application for administrative license, the applicants and the interested parties during the hearing should be included as the attachment of the transcripts of the hearing.

  Article 18 The transcripts of the hearing to the participants shall bear the signatures or the seals of the participants of the hearing. Refusal of the participants of the hearing to sign or seal shall be recorded.

  If the participants of the hearing consider that the transcripts of the hearing has omitted a part of their statement or is incorrect in some other respect, they shall have the right to request correction thereof. If no correction is made, the request for correction shall be noted in the written record.

  Article 19 After the hearing, the chairperson of the hearing shall make a Report of the Administrative License according to the transcripts of the hearing, and send it together with the transcripts to the director of the administrative organ within 5 days.

  The administrative organ shall make a decision on the administrative license according to the transcripts of the hearing.

  Article 20 Under any of the following circumstances, the public hearing shall be postponed:

  (1)The hearing is unable to be implemented due to force majeure;

  (2) The applicant of the administrative license or the interested party applies for a phased extension with valid reasons;

  (3)Other circumstances for the postponement of the hearing.

  If the hearing is postponed, the administrative organ that organizes the hearing shall inform the participants of the hearing. Where the reason for the postponement of the hearing ceases to exist, the administrative organ that organizes the hearing shall resume the hearing within 3 days and inform the participants of the hearing.

  Article 21 Under any of the following circumstances, the hearing shall be suspended:

  (1) There appear new facts, reasons and evidence during the hearing which the chairperson considers should be verified;

  (2) The requirement of the withdrawal of a hearing officer is made after the hearing has started;

  (3) Other circumstances for the suspension of the hearing.

  Where the reason for the suspension of the hearing ceases to exist, the administrative organ that organizes the hearing shall resume the hearing within 3 days and inform the participants of the hearing.

  Article 22 Under any of the following circumstances, the hearing shall be terminated:

  (1) The applicant of the administrative license or the interested party has withdrawn the application;

  (2) The applicant of the administrative license or the interested party fails to be present at the hearing without valid reasons or withdraws from the hearing without the permission of the chairperson of the hearing.

  (3) Other circumstances for the termination of the hearing

  Article 23 For the administrative license matters listed in Item 3 of Article 3 of these measures,the applicant of the administrative license or the interested party failing to file the application of hearing within the prescribed period shall be considered to disclaim the hearing right. The administrative organ shall make a written record,and make a decision on the administrative license in accordance with the law upon comprehensive, objective and fair examination.

  Article 24 Where an administrative organ and any of its functionaries violates any of the provisions of these measures or the Administrative License Law of The People's Republic of China under any of the following circumstances, the order of correction shall be given by the superior administrative organ or the supervisory organ; if the violations are serious, the direct liable persons in charge and other direct liable persons shall be given the administrative punishment in accordance with law:

  (1) Failing to inform the applicants of the administrative license or the interested parties of the hearing rights and obligations;

  (2) Failing to hold a hearing as required by the law;

  (3) Failing to perform its hearing functions or failing to fulfill the hearing obligations in this aspect;

  (4) Failing to make the administrative license decision on the basis of the transcripts of the hearing.

  Article 25 If the applicants of the administrative license, the interested parties or any other person disrupt the hearing order or contravenes the proper conduct of the hearing, the chairperson shall be entitled to stop the behavior or order them to leave. If the violation is serious, the public security office shall, according to the relevant provisions of the public order management regulations, impose a penalty. If such actions constitute a crime, criminal penalty shall be imposed.

  Article 26 The applicants of the administrative license and interested parties shall not pay for the expenses arising from the administrative organ's organization of the hearing. The essential fund for the administrative organ to implement an administrative license shall be listed in the budget of this administrative organ, which shall be ensured by the finance department of the same level.

  Article 27 he time limit referred to in these measures shall be calculated according to the working days, not including the legal holidays and leaves.

  Where an administrative organ needs to organize a hearing, the required time shall not be included in the time limit of implementation of the Administrative License. The time limit of implementation of the Administrative License should be calculated from the day after the date of termination of the hearing procedures.

  Article 28 These measures shall become effective as of July 1, 2007.