开展治安综合整治 确保社会安定稳定
林书设 田尔丰
去年以来，福建省大田县部份地区“六合彩”非法赌博活动盛行，因交通事故引发的群体性事件增多，违法占地建房现象严重，行政执法环境恶化。针对这些问题，大田县委、县政府高度重视，决定从今年2月份开始至4月底，在全县范围内开展以打击“六合彩”赌博活动、整治道路交通安全、整顿计生和烟草执法环境、清理违法建房为主要内容的社会治安综合整治活动。各乡镇、各有关部门按照县里的统一部署，以扭转社会治安局势和改善执法环境为目标，运用政治、经济、行政、法律等多种手段对社会治安进行综合整治，着力解决了当前社会治安和执法环境存在的突出问题，为改革开放和现代化建设创造良好的社会治安环境和法制环境。
在社会治安综合整治活动中，全县各乡镇党委、政府和公安、土地、计生、烟草、交通等有关职能部门按照县里的统一部署，密切配合，认真履行职责，做到围绕一条主线，突出二个重点，强化三级职能，建立四项机制，开展五项活动，落实各项整治措施，切实担负起综合整治工作的责任，综合整治工作取得了实效。
一、围绕一条主线
建设“平安大田”，保障社会经济发展的健康顺利进行，创造良好的社会治安环境，是大田县委、县政府着眼于社会经济全面、协调、可持续发展的一项重大决策。围绕这一条主线，针对县里存在的社会治安情况和执法环境存在的问题，县委、县政府高度重视，召开了县委常委（扩大）会议，进行专项研究，成立了以县委副书记为组长，县委常委、政法委书记、县政府副县长和县人武部副部长为副组长，法院、检察、公安、司法、国土、城建、公路、计生、交通、烟草、武警等单位的主要领导为成员的社会治安综合整治活动领导小组，制定下发《实施方案》。2月12日，县委、县政府召开了全县社会治安综合整治工作会议，对全县社会治安综合整治工作进行了部署。县法院、检察院、公安局和广平、建设、太华、均溪镇的领导就如何贯彻落实综合整治工作措施作了表态发言。县政府县长出席了会议并作了作重要讲话，要求各级各部门、各乡镇做到：一是认清形势、统一思想，切实增强抓好社会治安综合整治工作的责任感和紧迫感；二是精心组织、周密部署，全力抓好社会治安综合整治工作；三是齐心协力、强化措施，努力提高社会治安综合整治合力；四是创新方法、举一反三，积极稳妥处置人民内部矛盾。活动期间，各级各部门、各乡镇从实践“三个代表”重要思想的高度，充分认识综合整治工作的重要性、必要性和紧追性，把综合整治工作作为学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想的一项重要内容和当作落实综治责任的首要任务来抓，召开各种不同类型会议进行部署，成立领导小组和各专项整治工作队，扎扎实实、认认真真地开展综合整治工作，维护辖区内社会治安稳定。
二、突出二个重点
营造浓厚宣传整治氛围和查处违法犯罪人员是开展综合整治工作的重点。
一是活动伊始，县领导发表电视讲话，各乡镇和县司法局、国土资源局、交警大队、城建局、计生局、交通局、公路局、烟草局等部门各出动一辆宣传车，每天在乡镇、村来回宣传。县政府和县法、检、公三家分别印发《关于禁止“六合彩”赌博活动的通告》、《关于敦促“六合彩”赌博活动的违法犯罪人员限期投案自首的通告》计6000份。县政法委编发《综合整治专报》9期。县计生局在县有线电视台《宣传周视》开辟《人口与计划生育》栏目。各乡镇和各部门在各主要场所、路口、人员集中地区张贴标语1000余条，印发各类宣传材料30000余份，出宣传专栏86期，宣传车出动152台次，行程5万余公里，全县大部分群众都受到教育，营造浓厚的综合整治工作的宣传氛围。特别是大田一中艺术队按照县委、县政府的部署，深入到太华、广平岩城水泥有限公司等乡镇和企业，开展以宣传计划生育、土地管理、公路管理、烟草专卖和严厉打击“六合彩”赌博活动等有关法律法规为内容的文艺演出，节目内容丰富，群众喜闻乐见，使综合整治活动进一步深入人心。
二是活动期间，县公安局、检察院、法院、国土资源局、烟草局等职能部门，在加强开展法制宣传教育的基础上，针对当前社会治安情况和执法环境存在的突出问题，组织专门综合整治队伍，深入基层、深入案发地认真开展排查摸底工作，全面掌握全县治安情况和执法环境存在的突出问题，调查掌握发生在太华汤泉、建设建忠路段因交通肇事而引发群体性事件和广平因计生、土地问题以及建设建乐因烟草执法而引发群体性事件的组织煽动者及闹事者，对相关的犯罪嫌疑人，适时予以严厉打击，收到了很好的法律效果和社会效果。同时，各乡镇根据实际情况，认真细致地开展矛盾纠纷排查活动，摸清辖区内治安热点难点问题，及时发现严重矛盾纠纷苗头，妥善化解各类矛盾，从源头上预防群体性事件的发生。
三、强化三级职能
这次社会治安综合整治工作涉及部门多，综合整治项目也多。县、乡、村在县委、县政府统一领导下，密切配合、统一步调、齐心协力，全面落实各负本职责范围的整治责任，始终保持强大的综合整治高压态势，确保综合整治活动取得实效。一是交通、农机、城建、计生、烟草等各职能部门，针对执法过程中遇到问题和工作中存在薄弱环节，在加大宣传单项性政策法规和排查摸底基础上，进一步建立健全各项工作机制，改进工作方法，转变工作作风，深入困难多、矛盾多、群众意见多的地方，帮助群众疏通思想上出现的疑惑，解决群众生产生活中存在的困难和问题，改善紧张的党群关系、干群关系，改变执法环境恶劣的局面，从源头上防止各种违法现象发生。政法各部门始终保持“严打”态势，做到快结、快捕、快判，严厉打击各类违法犯罪分子，特别是对那些挑起事端的组织者、幕后策划者、煽动者等首要分子，集中时间、集中力量坚决打击。二是各乡镇党委、政府高度重视，把综合整治工作当作当前中心工作来抓，精心组织，周密部署，全力以赴，做到主要领导亲自抓，分管领导具体抓，制定严密的工作方案，抽调专门的力量，积极参与综合整治工作，不断把综合整治工作推向深入，取得实效。如太华镇党委、政府高度重视，2月18日，专题召开班子会议，研究制定可操作性强的工作方案，成立由镇党委书记为组长的领导小组，下设办公室和联系电话，抽调49名干部组成交通安全专项整治、打击“六合彩”赌博活动、整治违法用地、违章建房、查处妨碍计生行政执法行为、整顿矿山秩序、护林防火整治、整顿集镇环境等七队专项整治工作队。次日召开全镇干部大会，对全镇综合整治工作进行周密部署。20日起，镇司法所、派出所、林业站、交管站、农机站、国土资源所等单位组成宣传组，派出宣传车到全镇24个行政村巡回宣传，各专项整治工作队进驻各行政村开展专项整治工作。又如广平镇党委、政府认真查摆影响当前稳定的问题基础上，认真吸取“12.28”事故教训，做到认识、领导、责任“三到位”，组建专项整治违法用地工作队，每天对各村土地进行巡查，与县国土资源局、城建局、公安局、法院联合行动，对非法占田建房进行专项清理，依法拆除违法建筑物9幢，违法建筑面积达1100平方米；组建以交管部门为主的专门交通安全工作领导小组，加强对省道沿线的铭溪、栋仁、东景村公路巡查，严厉打击“车匪路霸”，保证交通主干线的道路安全畅通；加强安全生产责任制检查落实力度，严禁无证上岗作业和女工下井，狠刹违章作业和乱采现象；成立打击“六合彩”专项行动领导小组，制度下发《关于严禁全镇党员干部、企业职工、村级干部参与“六合彩”等非法彩票活动的有关规定》，坚决遏制“六合彩”非法彩票活动。三是各行政村特别是省道秀里线沿线的25个行政村，积极协同驻村领导和驻村干部，分别召开村两委会、党员会、村民代表会或全体村民会，传达贯彻县、乡综合整治工作会议精神，协助县、乡专项整治工作队开展专项整治工作，引导人们遵纪守法，充分发挥治保、调解组织第一道防线作用，排查调处各类民间纠纷，积极稳妥处置好影响社会稳定苗头和倾向的问题，优化社会治安环境。活动期间，各行政村化解各类民间纠纷398起，提供有价值破案线索32条，协助抓获各类违法犯罪分子12名。
四、建立四项机制
维护社会安定稳定，改善执法环境是这次综合整治活动的首要任务，建立完善汇报、督查、制约、长效等四项工作机制，是扎实有效地开展综合整治工作，提高综合整治工作的针对性和实效性的需要。一是建立汇报工作机制。各乡镇、各有关职能部门在开展综合整治工作中，定期分析当地治安形势和执法环境，准确掌握群众关心和反映强烈的热点、难点问题，及时研究解决工作中存在的疑难问题，总结推广好的工作经验，每周五形成书面材料，定期报送县委办、政法委，形成良好的定期汇报工作机制，为全县综合整治工作深入开展提供情报信息支撑。二是建立督查工作机制。领导小组组长、副组长及办公室工作人员，深入乡镇村、各职能部门进行督查，对精心组织、周密部署、成效显著的乡镇、单位给予通报表扬，对工作不扎实、打击不力，做表面文章的乡镇、单位给予爆光。活动期间，县委督查室和政法委办公室对乡镇开展综合整治活动的情况进行定期通报，转发广平镇政府《关于严禁全镇党员干部、企业职工、村级干部参与“六合彩”等非法彩票活动的有关规定》。通过督查活动，促进了整治活动各项措施的落实。三是建立责任追究工作机制。这次综合整治工作中，县委、县政府明确各级各部门、各乡镇一把手是综合整治工作第一责任人，对“六合彩”赌博活动泛滥，群体性多发等影响稳定问题多的乡镇、单位，坚决实行“一票否决”，县与乡镇、系统，乡镇与各行政村，系统与各单位层层签订《打击“六合彩”非法赌博活动责任书》。明确规定凡党员和职工参与“六合彩”的，严格按照省纪委、监察厅《关于严禁党员和国家公务员参与“六合彩”等非法彩票的暂行规定》和《大田县党政领导打击“六合彩”等赌博活动责任书》的要求处理，并依法追究相应的责任。四是建立长效的工作机制。造成执法环境恶劣局面的原因是多方面，除了群众法制的观念淡薄客观因素外，个别部门存在的发挥职能作用不到位，执法力度不够、质量不高的问题。在整治活动中，各乡镇、各部门进一步建立健全本部门本单位综合整治经常性工作机制，总结成功经验，规范工作方法，健全各项制度，使各项工作进入制度化、规范化的轨道，巩固综合整治的成果。
五、开展五项活动
这次综合整治工作共开展了五项专项整治活动，这五项专项整治活动分别是以县政法部门为主开展了打击“六合彩”赌博活动，以县交通局、公路局、农机局、县交警大队为主开展了整治道路交通安全专项整治活动，以县计生局为主开展了整顿计生执法环境专项整治活动，以县烟草局为主开展了整顿烟草执法环境专项整治活动和以县国土资源局、城建局为主开展了清理违法建房专项整治活动。在开展这各项专项整治活动中，都制定了专项整治方案，都成立以县分管领导为组长的专项整治领导小组，各专项整治工作在大力开展法制宣传基础上，深入基层调查摸底，全面掌握各类治安动态和存在各类问题，认真研究各种行之有效措施，集中时间、集中精力，整顿执法环境存在的问题，严厉打击各类违法犯罪分子，确保全县综合整治工作取得实效。
六、取得六个成效
一是“六合彩”赌博活动得到遏制。共查处“六合彩”赌博22起，涉案金额达11.4万元，其中立为刑案的4起4人，治安处罚18起86人。目前，全县机关企事业单位的绝大多数干部、职工不仅不参与且能劝止亲朋好友、家属远离“六合彩”赌博活动，群众自觉抵制“六合彩”赌博的意识明显增强，“六合彩”赌博活动有所收敛，以往“六合彩”开奖当天《东南早报》畅销和手机、电话信道占满等现象基本得到遏制。
二是道路交通安全得到有效保障。今年1－4月份，清除溜方1750立方米，修复缺口挡墙312.3立方米/18处、危涵27道、桥栏杆103.5延米，修补路面坑槽11000平方米，砌筑导向墩12垛，对秀里线18个弯道半径较小的有暗弯进行路面划线，对险情路段进行埋设警告警示标志共计13面。目前，全县道路安全畅通，群众遵纪守法意识增强，交通事故发生量减少，至4月止，全县共发生交通事故108起，与去年同期相比下降28.5%，同时，因道路安全事故引发的聚众扰乱交通秩序、非法扣车和妨害交警执法的现象基本匿迹，全县道路交通秩序井然。
三是行政执法环境得到进一步改善。综合整治期间，全县共登记非法占地203宗，面积48502.71平方米，发出《责令停止违法用地通知书》40份，查处违法用地102宗，拆除房屋9座面积1100平方米。县计生部门查处非法终止妊娠2件，落实女扎1例，查处生育二女假“双胞胎”事件3起，解救二女非法抱养男婴4名，中介人1人，社会抚养费申请执行了8起，强制执行征收金额共达52434元。路政人员上路和设点检查车辆13452辆次，查获违章车辆432辆次，清理公路路肩158处1717平方米，路面堆放109处1000立方米。3月18日，市、县烟草、公安等部门在建设镇打击非法收购烟叶、制售假烟原材料联合行动，没收烟叶12余吨，制假设备4台，有效地打击了非法交易加工及运输烟叶的违法行为。通过综合整治，全县执法环境得到改善，国土、计生、烟草等部门行政执法顺利，没有出现暴力抗法和妨碍行政执法的行为。
四是违法犯罪分子得到有力打击。县公安局根据县统一部署，依法对去年以来发生六起社会影响恶劣的案件，成立六个专案组，全力以赴，集中精力，集中时间开展侦查工作。到目前为止，对参与“2003.12.3”广平故意伤害计生干部案、“2003.12.21”太华汤泉、建设建忠和“2003.12.31”太华仕坑三起聚众扰乱交通秩序案、“2004.2.1”广平铭溪妨碍土地执法和“2004.2.3”建设建乐妨碍烟草执法的两起妨害执行公务案计21名涉嫌犯罪人员进行抓捕。县检察院、法院对相关案件加班加点进行审查、审理，3月16日，在县体育场召开公捕公判大会，县公安局对前期发生的聚众扰乱交通秩序罪、妨碍公务罪等5件15名犯罪嫌疑人进行公开逮捕。县法院对犯“六合彩”赌博罪案件2件4人和犯故意伤害罪案件1件1人进行公开宣判，有力地震慑各类违法犯罪分子，收到良好的社会效应。
五是群众遵纪守法的意识明显增强。通过对综合整治工作和相关法律法规的广泛宣传，广大群众遵纪守法的意识明显增强，深刻认识到“六合彩”非法赌博的本质及社会危害性 ，“大闹大解决、小闹小解决”和“法不责众”的错误思想观念得到进一步转变，学法、知法、用法尉然成风，依照法律程序解决矛盾纠纷的风气逐渐形成。目前，全县社会治安稳定，群众安居乐业，社会秩序井然。
六是基层基础建设进一步得到加强。各级、各部门把综合整治工作当做落实综治领导责任的首要任务来抓。党委、政府、县直机关企事业单位要切实担负起综合整治工作的责任，进一步加强对综合整治工作的组织领导，及时协调解决工作中遇到的困难和问题，各乡镇、县直各单位、各企业集团要教育广大干部职工遵纪守法，依法办事，要真正落实“管好自己的人，看好自己的门，办好自己的事，搞好自己的小环境”，配合县里抓好综合整治工作。大力加强基层组织建设，调整充实治保会、调委会和治安巡逻队，强化责任制，充分发挥基层治保、调解组织作用，做到抓小、抓早、抓苗头，把各种问题解决在基层，解决在萌芽状态，切实建立长效的工作机制，维护社会长治久安。
七、几点体会
——正确处理改革、发展、稳定的关系，把综治工作作为一项系统工程来抓，切实加强领导，是做好综治工作的根本保证。发展是目的，改革是动力，稳定是保障。各级党委、政府自觉把综治工作摆上突出位置，贯穿于改革和发展的各项工作之中，统盘考虑，统一部署。各级党政领导切实肩负起保一方平安的政治责任，按照“属地管理”和“谁主管谁负责”的原则，层层落实责任制，把党政领导干部抓综治的工作情况纳入任期目标进行考核，对抓综治工作不力、发生影响稳定事件的地区和部门领导实行责任追究和“一票否决”。全县基本做到认识到位、责任到位、工作到位、经费到位、奖惩到位。实践证明，党政统一领导，各部门、各单位各司其职，动员广大群众积极参与，较好地形成了齐抓共管的工作局面，有力地保证了综治工作各项措施的落实。
——发挥政治优势，发动广大群众，打实基层基础，是推进社会治安综合治理新发展的关键所在。县委、县政府以学习推广“枫桥经验”为抓手，大力加强基层基础建设。由综治委牵头，公检法司充分发挥主力军作用，各职能部门积极参与，广泛发动群众，整体推进综治组织网络、安全防范、流动人口管理、预防青少年违法犯罪、矛盾纠纷排查调解、刑释解教人员安置帮教等基层基础工作，提高了基层治安防范水平。在城区社区、学校、机关企事业单位以开展创建安全文明系列活动为有效载体，营造了社会治安的良好氛围。同时注重制度建设，建立健全综合治理目标管理责任制、“一票否决权”制，保证和促进了基层基础工作的落实。在工作中坚持专群结合、群防群治，运用“组织建设走在工作前，预测工作走在预防前，预防工作走在调解前，调解工作走在激化前”的“四前工作法”，将大量矛盾纠纷化解在基层，“党政动手，各负其责，依靠群众，化解矛盾，维护稳定，促进发展。做到小事不出村、大事不出乡、矛盾不上交” 。
——因地制宜开展专项斗争和重点整治，是实现社会治安明显好转的有效手段。全县政法和有关部门密切配合，始终坚持“严打”方针，什么问题突出就重点解决什么问题，哪里治安混乱就重点整治那里，重拳出击，重点整治，有效地遏制了违法犯罪大幅上升的势头，明显地改观社会治安面貌。
——坚持与时俱进、开拓创新，是推进政法工作的动力。政法各部门解放思想，根据我县经济社会发展形势的新变化，深入调查研究，大胆探索实践，不断创新工作思路和工作方法，力求体现自已的特色，我县预防群体性上访事件、预防青少年违法犯罪、流动人口管理、实施“细胞工程”、创建“安全文明村”、“安全文明小区”、处理“法轮功”邪教组织等工作都名列全市前茅。综合整治工作得到市综治委领导的肯定。实践证明，我们转变观念，振奋精神，与时俱进，开拓创新，不断探索新办法，总结新经验，是推动和促进了全县政法综治工作的新发展。
——树正气、刹歪风，把教育、培训、管理融为一体，是提高政法队伍整体素质的有效途径。县委政法委、政法各部门始终抓住公正司法这条生命线不放松，把加强政法队伍建设作为永恒的主题，以“争创人民满意”活动为载体，以严肃法令、政纪为重点，以解决队伍中存在的突出问题为突破口，弘扬正气，表彰先进，把思想教育、业务培训和日常管理紧密结合起来，不断提高干警素质。加强制度建设和执法监督，尤其在完善和落实内部监督机制上狠下功夫，敢动真格，查处违法违纪案件和干警，落实政法领导班子和领导干部“一岗双责”。不断组织干警开展业务学习、业务培训、岗位练兵等活动。改革执法工作机制，建立和完善执法监督体系，开展执法检查和专项治理，有力促进了严格执法、公正司法。全县政法队伍整体素质明显提高，群众满意程度有了明显提高。
中华人民共和国枪支管理办法(附英文)
公安部
中华人民共和国枪支管理办法(附英文)
（一九八一年一月五日国务院批准）
第一条 为了维护社会治安，保障公共安全，防止犯罪分子利用枪支进行破坏活动，特制定本办法。
第二条 本办法所指的枪支（包括这些枪支所使用的弹药）是指非军事系统的下列枪支：军用的手枪、步枪、冲锋枪和机枪，射击运动用的各种枪支，狩猎用的有膛线枪、散弹枪、火药枪，麻醉动物用的注射枪，以及能发射金属弹丸的气枪。
中国人民解放军、民兵和人民武装警察部队装备的军用枪支按军队和民兵系统有关规定管理。
枪支的佩带和配置
第三条 下列人员可以佩带枪支：
（一）人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关因工作必需佩带枪支的人员；
（二）边防地区、海防地区以及省、自治区人民政府认为有佩带枪支必要的其他偏僻地区的党政负责干部；
（三）省级以上党政机关的机要交通员，边疆地区县、市党政机关和邮电部门有佩带枪支必要的机要通信人员；
（四）海关因工作必需佩带枪支的人员；
（五）军工工厂的警卫押运人员。
第四条 下列单位可以配置公用枪支：
（一）有配枪必要的厂矿、企业、机关、学校、科研等单位的保卫部门；
（二）有配枪必要的重要财政金融单位和地处偏僻不设武装看守的重要仓库、电台、科研单位；
（三）在偏僻地区和海上作业有配枪必要的地质勘探队、测绘队；
（四）航行沿海和远洋的客、货、油轮及其他海上作业的工作船；
（五）有配枪必要的民航机场和民航飞机。
第五条 开展射击运动的县以上体育运动委员会，可以配置射击运动枪支。
第六条 专业狩猎生产的人员和单位，可以佩带和配置猎枪。非专业狩猎人员持有猎枪的，限十八岁以上公民，每人不得超过两支。
第七条 狩猎生产和科研教学单位、野生动物饲养和畜牧业单位、兽医院需对动物进行麻醉注射的，可以配置注射枪。
第八条 电影制片厂因拍摄电影需要，可以购置已经淘汰的旧式枪支作道具使用。但除少量效果枪外，其他枪支机件必须进行技术处理，使其不再能用以实弹射击。
枪支的制造和购买
第九条 各种枪支，除国家指定的工厂制造和修理外，任何单位和个人，不准私自制造、修理或装配。
第十条 各单位购买军用枪支，应当将购买枪支的种类、数量、用途、佩带和配置范围报经当地公安机关同意后，向国家指定的机关申请价拨。
购买各种射击运动枪支，需经上一级体育运动委员会批准和所在地县、市公安局同意，发给购买证，凭证向国家指定的单位购买。
购买猎枪和注射枪，需经县以上林业部门批准和公安机关同意，发给购买证，凭证向国家指定的单位购买。经销猎枪的商店，需在县、市以上公安机关注册。
除国家指定或经主管部门批准的单位外，任何单位和个人不得买卖枪支、弹药。
枪支的管理
第十一条 持枪人员，必须经本单位负责人同意，报县以上主管部门批准。持枪单位，必须经县以上人民政府批准。
任何单位和个人，未经法定手续批准，不得私自保存枪支、弹药。对于未经批准持有的枪支、弹药，必须送交当地公安机关，不得擅自处理。
第十二条 持枪人员和持枪单位，必须向所在地县、市公安局申领持枪证。经县、市公安局审核，发给持枪证。
持枪人员携带枪支外出，必须随身携带持枪证备查。因公携带公用枪支到本县、市以外地区的，必须向所在地县、市公安局申领持枪通行证。
第十三条 展览馆、博物馆等单位保存的有历史意义的枪支，必须向所在地县、市公安局登记，不准挪作他用。
第十四条 严禁在城市、集镇、居民点、风景游览区、机场、交通沿线以及其他规定不准鸣枪的地区任意呜枪。非狩猎区禁止鸣枪打猎。
第十五条 在某些特定的地区和场所，不准携带枪支时，持枪人员应当将所带枪支交公安机关或指定单位保存，离去时发还。
第十六条 各种枪支均须妥善保管，确保安全。集体持有的，应当指定专人负责，专库（柜）保存，枪支、弹药分别存放，严防丢失、被盗和发生其他事故。
枪支丢失、被盗，必须立即报告公安机关，并保护现场。
第十七条 持枪单位和持枪人员不准私自将枪支、弹药赠送、转借他人。持枪单位撤销或持枪人员工作调动时，应当将枪支交还发枪单位，并将持枪证交回原发证公安机关注销。
持有猎枪的人，迁离原住地县、市时，应当向原发证公安机关缴销持枪证，换领携运证。到达目的地后，凭携运证向当地公安机关办理新的持枪证。
第十八条 运输枪支、弹药，必须事先向运往地的县、市公安局申领运输证。运到目的地后，凭证向当地公安机关登记备案或申领持枪证。
第十九条 从国外携带猎枪入境，必须事先经常住地县、市公安局批准。入境时，向海关申报，由边防检查站审核发给携运证。到达目的地后，向当地公安机关换领持枪证。
携带猎枪出境，需向原发证公安机关缴销持枪证，换领携运证。出境时，向海关申报，将携运证交出境地边防检查站。
第二十条 各单位对不堪使用的报废枪支，要登记造册，报省、自治区，直辖市主管部门领导批准，向所在地县、市公安局送验登记清册，并作彻底毁型处理后，由销毁单位派人监督，在省、自治区、直辖市公安厅、局指定的冶金工厂回炉销毁。
第二十一条 对发射金属弹丸的气枪，体育部门用于射击运动的，按射击运动枪支管理；狩猎单位用于狩猎的，按猎枪管理。个人购买和持有发射金属弹丸的气枪，也要登记管理，具体办法由省、自冶区、直辖市公安厅、局制定。
第二十二条 持枪证，持枪通行证，射击运动枪、猎枪、注射枪购买证，枪支弹药运输证、携运证由公安部统一制定，省、自治区、直辖市公安厅、局统一印制，县、市公安局签发。
第二十三条 各级公安机关对本地区非军事系统枪支的佩带、使用、保管、变动等情况，实施监督，并定期进行检查。
外国人的枪支管理
第二十四条 外国驻华外交代表机关、领事机关及其人员携带枪支来华，必须事先向中华人民共和国外交部提出申请，经同意后，入境时向海关申报，由边防检查站审核发给携运证。到达目的地后，向驻在地的市公安局申报，办理枪支登记。
外国驻华外交代表机关、领事机关及其人员所有的枪支，除猎枪可在狩猎场所使用外，一律不得携出各该国驻华外交代表机关、领事机关。
外国驻华外交代表机关、领事机关及其人员携带枪支出境，应当照会中华人民共和国外交部，向驻在地的市公安局注销，申领携运证。出境时，向海关申报，将携运证交出境地边防检查站。
第二十五条 外国党、政、军、议会代表团成员及其警卫人员携带枪支来华，必须事先向中华人民共和国外交部或接待单位申报同意，由接待单位通知边防检查站，并向公安部备案。
第二十六条 外国体育代表队携带射击运动枪支，前来我国参加射击运动比赛活动，必须事先经中华人民共和国体育运动委员会批准。入境时，向海关申报，由边防检查站审核发给携运证。到达比赛地后，向当地县、市公安局登记备案，离开时注销。途经我国的，必须事先经中华人民共和国体育运动委员会批准，由中华人民共和国体育运动委员会通报边防检查机关，由入境地边防检查站将所带枪支加封过境。
第二十七条 外国民航飞机和外国籍船舶上携带的枪支、弹药，在飞机、船舶进入我国口岸时，由边防检查站予以封存，出境时启封。
第二十八条 本办法第二十四条、第二十五条、第二十六条规定以外的其他来华的外国人，除经中华人民共和国国家主管部门和目的地省、自治区、直辖市公安厅、局批准的以外，一律不准携带枪支、弹药入境。凡携带枪支、弹药的，在入境时必须向海关申报，由边防检查站暂时封存在口岸，出境时发还本人，或由携带人退运出境。经批准携带枪支、弹药入出境的，按本办法第十九条的规定办理手续。过境的必须向海关申报，由边防检查站审核加封过境。凡未向海关申报的，一律按非法运输枪支、弹药处理。
第二十九条 外国人在华购买猎枪，需经省、自治区、直辖市外事部门或接待单位同意并出具证明，向购买地的县、市公安局申领购买证，经批准后，到指定的商店凭证购买。
处罚
第三十条 凡违反本办法的，对主管负责人和直接责任人要视其情节轻重，分别给予纪律处分、治安管理处罚，直至依照法律追究刑事责任。
其他
第三十一条 各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府和国务院各有关部、委可根据本办法，制定具体管理规定，报公安部备案。
第三十二条 本办法经国务院批准后，由公安部发布施行。一九五一年六月二十七日政务院批准、公安部发布施行的《枪支管理暂行办法》同时废止。
MEASURES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR THE CONTROL OFFIREARMS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
MEASURES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR THE CONTROL OF
FIREARMS
(Approved by the State Council on January 5, 1981, and promulgated
by the Ministry of Public Security on April 25, 1981)
Article 1
These Measures are formulated to maintain public order, to safeguard
public security, and to prevent criminals from using firearms to commit
sabotage.
Article 2
The term firearms (including the ammunition used with these firearms), as
mentioned in these Measures, refers to the following firearms which belong
to the non-military system: pistols, rifles, and submachine guns and
machine guns for military use; various firearms for target shooting
sports; rifles, shot-gun, and powder-gun for hunting; injection-gun for
applying anesthesia on animals; and air-guns for discharging pellets. The
military firearms used for fitting out the People's Liberation Army, the
militia and the People's Armed Police Force shall be controlled in
accordance with the pertinent provisions of the army and militia system.
Carrying and Allocation of Firearms
Article 3
The following personnel may carry firearms:
(1) personnel working in the people's courts, the people's procuratorates,
and the public security organs who are required to carry firearms for
discharging their duties;
(2) party and government leading cadres working in the border areas,
coastal defence areas, and other remote areas who have the necessity, as
deemed by the people's governments of the provinces and autonomous
regions, to carry firearms;
(3) confidential couriers working in the Party and government departments
at or above the provincial level, and confidential messengers working in
the county or municipal Party and government departments in the border
areas or in post and telecommunications departments who have the necessity
to carry firearms;
(4) personnel working in the Customs who are required to carry firearms to
discharge their duties;
(5) guards and transport escorts working in war industries.
Article 4
Firearms for official use may be allocated to the following units:
(1) the security sections of factories and mines, enterprises, government
departments, schools and universities, research institutions, that have
the necessity to be fitted out with firearms;
(2) important financial and banking units and important warehouses, radio
stations, and research institutions which are located in remote area
without armed guards that have the necessity to be fitted out with
firearms;
(3) geological prospecting teams and survey and drawing teams that work in
remote areas or at sea, that have the necessity to be fitted out with
firearms;
(4) coastal and ocean-going passenger-liners, freighters and oil tankers
and other operation vessels operating on the sea;
(5) civil airports and civil air-liners that have the necessity to be
fitted out with firearms.
Article 5
Sports guns may be allocated to sports committees at or above the county
level that promote target-shooting sports.
Article 6
Personnel and units engaged in hunting as their specialized line of
production may carry or be allocated with hunting rifles. As regards the
non-professional hunting personnel, only citizens aged eighteen or over
may keep hunting rifles, and each can keep no more than two hunting
rifles.
Article 7
Injection-guns may be allocated to such units as hunting production units,
scientific research and teaching units, wild animal breeding and livestock
farms, and veterinary hospitals that have the necessity to apply
anesthesia on animals.
Article 8
Film studios, in order to meet the needs of film production, may purchase
old and obsolete firearms as stage properties. With the exception of just
a small number of firearms used for creating special stage effects, all
firearms must undergo technical treatment so that they can no longer be
used for discharging live ammunition.
Manufacture and Purchase of Firearms
Article 9
Various kinds of firearms shall be manufactured and repaired by factories
designated by the State only; no units and individuals may manufacture,
repair or assemble firearms without authorization.
Article 10
For the purchase of military firearms, the purchasing units shall submit
to the local public security organs a report listing such details as the
categories of firearms to be purchased, their quantities, uses, and scope
of carrying and allocation. After obtaining the approval, they shall apply
to the department designated by the State for appropriations.
The purchase of various categories of firearms for target-shooting sports
shall be approved by the sports committee at a higher level and have the
consent of and the purchase permit granted by the county or municipal
bureau of public security at the place where the purchasing units are
located: only with the purchase permit may a purchasing unit make
purchases of firearms at the department designated by the State. The
purchase of hunting rifles and injection-guns shall be approved by the
competent forestry department at the county level or higher and have the
consent of and the purchase permit granted by the public security organ;
only with the purchase permit, may a purchasing unit make purchases at the
department designated by the State. The distributors of hunting rifles
shall go through the procedures of registration at the public security
organ at the county or municipal level or higher.
With the exception of the units designated by the State or approved by the
competent department, no units or individuals may sell or purchase
firearms and ammunition.
Control of Firearms
Article 11
The firearm-carrying personnel shall obtain the consent of the person in
charge of their unit, and have the approval of the competent department at
the county level or higher. The firearm-equipped unit shall obtain the
approval of the people's government at the county level or higher.
Without permission through legal procedures, no units or individuals may
keep firearms and ammunition privately. Firearms and ammunition kept
without permission shall be handed over to the local public security
organ, and shall not be disposed of privately.
Article 12
Firearm-carrying personnel and firearm-equipped units shall apply to the
local county or municipal bureau of public security for firearm licenses,
which shall be granted after examination and approval.
Firearm-carrying personnel, when going out with their firearms, shall
carry them with firearm licenses for examination. Personnel carrying
firearms for official use and who perform duties in places other than
their own county or municipality must apply to the local county or
municipal bureau of public security for firearm-carrying pass.
Article 13
Firearms which bear historic significance kept on display in exhibition
halls, museums, etc., shall be registered at the local county or municipal
bureau of public security, and shall not be used for other purposes.
Article 14
It is strictly prohibited to fire shots at will in cities, towns,
residential areas, scenic spots, airports, along communication lines, or
in any other places where shot-firing is prohibited according to
regulations. It is prohibited to fire shots and hunt in non-hunting areas.
Article 15
In some particular areas or places where firearms are banned, firearm-
carrying personnel shall leave the firearms they carry with the public
security organ or a designated unit for safe-keeping, and have them given
back when leaving.
Article 16
All categories of firearms shall be kept properly and safe. Firearms kept
collectively shall be well taken care of by persons specially designated
for the job; special warehouses (or cabinets) shall be used for keeping
the firearms, and firearms and ammunition shall be kept separately; strict
measures shall be taken against loss, theft or other accidents. In case
that firearms are lost or stolen, it must be reported immediately to the
public security organ, and the scene of the incident shall be kept intact.
Article 17
Firearm-equipped units and firearm-carrying personnel are not permitted,
without official approval, to lend out their firearms and ammunition or
give them to others as gifts. In the event that a firearm-equipped unit
has been disbanded or a firearm-carrying person been transferred to a new
unit, the unit or the person shall return the firearms to the original
firearm-allocating unit, and return the firearm licence(s) to the original
licence-issuing public security organ for cancellation. Persons who hold
hunting rifles shall, upon moving away from the county or city of their
original residence, return for cancellation their firearm licences to the
original licence-issuing public security organ and obtain firearm-
transport passes. On their arrival at their destinations, they shall
present the firearm-transport passes to the local security organ and go
through the procedures for obtaining new firearm licences.
Article 18
To transport firearms and ammunition, it is imperative to apply to the
county or municipal bureau of public security stationed at the destination
of transportation for a transport pass. Upon arrival at the destination,
the applicant shall present the transport pass to the local public
security organ and go through the procedures for registration or for
obtaining a new firearm licence.
Article 19
To carry hunting rifles into the country from abroad, it is imperative to
obtain, in advance, the approval of the county or municipal bureau of
public security stationed in the locality of the applicant's residence.
Upon entering the country, the applicant shall declare at the Customs, and
a carrying-transport permit shall be issued after examination and approval
by the border inspection office. Upon arrival at the destination, the
applicant shall go through the procedures for obtaining a firearm licence
by presenting the carrying-transport permit.
To carry hunting rifles out of the country, it is imperative to return for
cancellation the firearm licence to the original licence-issuing public
security organ for a carrying-transport permit. On exit, the applicant
shall declare at the Customs, and surrender the carrying-transport permit
to the local border inspection office.
Article 20
Firearms that have fallen into disuse shall be registered by the firearm-
holding units in detailed lists, which shall be submitted for approval to
the competent departments of the province, autonomous region, or
municipality directly under the Central Government, and, then, again to
the local county or municipal bureau of public security for examination;
after that, the disused firearms shall undergo a treatment of
disfigurement before they are sent, under the supervision of the unit in
charge of the destruction, to a smeltery designated by the public security
department (bureau) of the province, autonomous region, or municipality
directly under the Central Government for melting down and complete
destruction.
Article 21
Air guns that discharge metal pellets shall be controlled in accordance
with the provisions concerning the control of sports guns, when used by
sports departments in target-shooting sports, and in accordance with the
provisions concerning the control of hunting rifles when used for hunting
by hunting units. Privately purchased and held pellet-discharging air guns
are also required to go through registration procedures and to be placed
under control; and the control measures shall be formulated by the public
security department (bureau) of the province, autonomous region, or
municipality directly under the Central Government.
Article 22
Firearm licences, firearm-carrying passes, purchase permits for sports
guns, hunting rifles and injection-guns, transport passes for firearms and
ammunition, and carrying-transport permits shall all be devised solely by
the Ministry of Public Security, be printed solely by the public security
department (bureau) of the province, autonomous region, or municipality
directly under the Central Government, and be signed and issued by the
county or municipal bureau of public security.
Article 23
The public security organs at various levels shall exercise supervision
over such affairs as the carrying, use, safe-keeping, and changes of
firearms in the non-military departments of their locality, and carry out
inspection at regular intervals.
Control of Firearms of Foreigners
Article 24
Foreign diplomatic missions and consular posts in China, and their
personnel, that are to carry firearms into China shall apply in advance to
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China; after
obtaining the consent, they shall declare at the Customs on entering the
country and then be issued the carrying-transport permits by the border
inspection office after examination. Upon arrival at the destination, the
applicants shall report to the local municipal bureau of public security,
and go through the registration procedures for their firearms.
No firearms belonging to foreign diplomatic missions and consular posts in
China and to their personnel, with the exception of their shotguns which
may be used in hunting grounds, shall be carried out of the confines of
the aforesaid missions and posts. Foreign diplomatic missions and
consular posts in China and their personnel that are to carry their
firearms out of China shall send a note to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
of the People's Republic of China, and make an application to the
municipal bureau of public security at the locality of their residences
for registration cancellation and for the issuance of carrying-transport
permits. On exit, they shall declare at the Customs, and submit the
carrying-transport permit to the local border inspection office.
Article 25
Members of foreign political party, government, military or parliamentary
delegations and their guards that are to carry firearms into China shall
obtain in advance the consent from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
People's Republic of China or from the host units, which shall notify the
border inspection office and submit a report to the Ministry of Public
Security for the record.
Article 26
Foreign sports teams that come to China to take part in a shooting
tournament with their sports rifles and pistols shall obtain in advance
the approval by the Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the People's
Republic of China. On entering the country, they shall declare at the
Customs, and then the border inspection office shall issue them the
carrying-transport permits after examination. On arrival at the locality
of the tournament, they shall go through the registration procedures for
the record at the local county or municipal bureau of public security, and
cancel the registration before leaving. Foreign sports teams that travel
via China shall obtain in advance the approval of the Physical Culture and
Sports Commission of the People's Republic of China, which shall notify
the border inspection authorities, and the inspection office at the entry
point shall put paper slip seals on the firearms and permit them to pass
through the country.
Article 27
Firearms and ammunition on board foreign civil air-liners or vessels
registered in foreign countries, shall be sealed up by the border
inspection office when the air-liners and vessels enter a port of China,
and unsealed when the air-liners and vessels leave the country.
Article 28
Apart from those who come to China as stipulated in Articles 24, 25 and 26
of these Measures, no foreigners are permitted to carry firearms and
ammunition into the territory, unless approved by the competent
departments of the People's Republic of China and by the public security
department (bureau) of the province, autonomous region, and municipality
directly under the Central Government at the places of their destination.
Those who carry firearms and ammunition with them must, on entering the
territory, declare at the Customs, and the border inspection office shall
temporarily seal up the firearms and ammunition for safekeeping at the
entry port, and give them back when the owners leave the country; or the
firearms and ammunition shall be retransported out of the territory by the
original carriers. Those who have obtained the approval to carry firearms
and ammunition into or out of the territory shall go through the
procedures in accordance with the stipulations of Article 19 of these
Measures. Those in transit shall declare at the Customs, and the border
inspection office shall seal the firearms up after examination, and permit
them to pass through the country. Those who fail to declare at the
Customs shall be dealt with, without exception, as cases of illegal
transport of firearms and ammunition.
Article 29
Foreigners who wish to buy hunting rifles in China, shall obtain the
approval of and certificates from the foreign affairs office of the
province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central
Government, or the host unit. They shall then apply to the local county
and municipal bureau of public security for purchase permits and make
their purchases at designated stores after approval.
Penalties
Article 30
The chief person-in-charge and the direct offender, who are held
responsible for the violation of these Measures, shall receive penalties
ranging from disciplinary sanction, punishment in accordance with the
regulations on the maintenance of public order, to an investigation by the
judicial organ of the criminal responsibilities of the offender, depending
on the seriousness of the case.
Miscellaneous
Article 31
The people's governments of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government and the various
ministries and commissions under the State Council may, in accordance with
these Measures, formulate specific provisions for the control of firearms,
and report thereon to the Ministry of Public Security for the record.
Article 32
These Measures shall go into effect after the approval by the State
Council and the promulgation by the Ministry of Public Security. The
Interim Measures Concerning the Control of Firearms, approved by the
Government Administration Council and promulgated by the Ministry of
Public Security on June 27, 1951, shall be abrogated at the same time.
